Style guides to consult in giving references – additional information for students Academic organizations and some disciplines outline their own styles of how to cite sources and format research papers. Consult these print and online style guides for examples of citing sources in the text of your paper and in a bibliography or reference list.
MLA: Modern Language Association [Humanities]
• MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing
• MLA 2009 Formatting and Style Guide (online from The Owl at Purdue, with many examples of creating in-text footnotes and works cited entries)
APA: American Psychological Association [Social Sciences]
• Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
• Basics of APA Style Tutorial (online from the APA, outlining writing and citing guidelines http://flash1r.apa.org/apastyle/basics/index.htm)
• APA Formatting and Style Guide (online from The Owl at Purdue with several examples of in-text citations and reference list entries
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ )
CMS: Chicago Manual of Style [various subjects]
• Chicago Manual of Style
• Chicago-Style Citation Quick Guide (online from the Chicago Manual of Style web site, with examples of citing various types of publications
http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html )
ACS: American Chemical Society
• ACS Style Guidelines (online from UW-Madison Libraries, providing examples for citing references in the text and the bibliography of a research paper http://chemistry.library.wisc.edu/writing/acs-style-guidelines.html )
CBE: Council of Biology Editors
• Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors and Publishers
• CSE Style: Biology and Other Sciences (online from Research and Documentation Online by Diana Hacker; gives examples of in-text and reference list citations http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/p04_c11_o.html )
IEEE: Institute of Electronics & Electrical Engineers
• Writing and Speaking in the Technology Professions: A Practical Guide
• IEEE Editorial Style Manual (provides editorial guidelines for IEEE Transcations, Journals, and Letters.” Includes citation examples
http://www.ieee.org/portal/cms_docs_iportals/iportals/publications/authors/transjnl/stylemanual.pdf )
• How to Cite References – IEEE Style (online from Murdoch University Library, with many examples of citing various publications
http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/find/citation/ieee.html#Citation%20Within%20The%20Text )
NLM: National Library of Medicine or AMA: American Medical Association
• AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors
• Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors and Publishers (online from the National Library of Medicine
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=citmed ) Various styles – the following resources provide examples of citing sources in several styles
• Research and Documentation Online – by Diana Hacker. Covers MLA, APA, CMS and CSE styles http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/
Citing References Wiki – Maintained by LexisNexis and includes examples from MLA, APA, and Chicago/Turabian. http://wiki.lexisnexis.com/academic/index.php?title=Citing_References